使用msvc2019的addresssanitizer

使用msvc2019的AddressSanitizer

summary

This is almost the strongest memory detection tool I have used so far. Its ability is much stronger than application verifier, MSVC CRT, and its speed is much faster than boundschecker.

Can detect read and write out of bounds

paper https://static.googleusercontent.com/media/research.google.com/zh-CN//pubs/archive/37752.pdf

msvc tool https://devblogs.microsoft.com/cppblog/asan-for-windows-x64-and-debug-build-support/ https://devblogs.microsoft.com/cppblog/addresssanitizer-asan-for-windows-with-msvc/

Features

Its principle is to use bitmap to record the status of each byte, and at the same time add an extra layer of checking for the read and write operations of all variables when compiling

stack-use-after-scope
stack-buffer-overflow
stack-buffer-underflow
heap-buffer-overflow (no underflow)
heap-use-after-free
calloc-overflow
dynamic-stack-buffer-overflow (alloca)
global-overflow (C++ source code)
new-delete-type-mismatch
memcpy-param-overlap
allocation-size-too-big
invalid-aligned-alloc-alignment
use-after-poison
Intra-object-overflow
Initialization-order-fiasco
double-free
alloc-dealloc-mismatch

Performance

AddressSanitizer achieves efficiency without sacrific- ing comprehensiveness. Its average slowdown is just 73% yet it accurately detects bugs at the point of occur- rence. It has found over 300 previously unknown bugs in the Chromium browser and many bugs in other software.

AddressSanitizer在不牺牲全面性的情况下实现了效率。 它的平均速度仅慢了73％，但它可以在发生时准确地检测到错误。它在Chromium浏览器中发现了300多个以前未知的错误，在其他软件中也发现了许多错误。

AddressSanitizer可以发现越界访问（用于堆，堆栈和全局对象）和释放的堆内存的使用，相对较低的成本降低了73％，并且内存使用量增加了3.4倍，使其成为测试广泛范围的理想选择C / C ++应用程序。

principle

AddressSanitizer由两部分组成：一个指令模块和一个运行时库。指令模块修改代码以检查每次内存访问的影子状态，并在堆栈和全局对象周围创建中毒的红色区域，以检测上溢和下溢。当前的实现基于LLVM [4]编译器基础结构。运行时库替换malloc，free和相关函数，在分配的堆区域周围创建有毒的Redzone，延迟释放的堆区域的重用，并进行错误报告

Limitaitons

-Uninitialized memory
-Some clever overflow. For example, overflow to other variable areas, but not rubbing the red area

How to turn on the feature

Turn on in MSVC project setting. Note need to turn off Edit and continue

Enabling ASan in the MSBuild project properties

Test code

void ff(double (*t[])(int)) {
    int x;
    char a[2];
    a[2] = 1;
}

运行报如下错

nums contains 4 elements.
=================================================================
==14376==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: stack-buffer-overflow on address 0x00b4566ffcf2 at pc 0x7ff7a01238a5 bp 0x00b4566ffcb0 sp 0x00b4566ffcb8
WRITE of size 1 at 0x00b4566ffcf2 thread T0
==14376==WARNING: Failed to use and restart external symbolizer!
    #0 0x7ff7a01238a4 in ff G:\temp\ConsoleApplication1\ConsoleApplication1\ConsoleApplication1.cpp:12
    #1 0x7ff7a0123a86 in main G:\temp\ConsoleApplication1\ConsoleApplication1\ConsoleApplication1.cpp:25
    #2 0x7ff7a01270c8 in invoke_main D:\agent\_work\9\s\src\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\startup\exe_common.inl:78
    #3 0x7ff7a0126fad in __scrt_common_main_seh D:\agent\_work\9\s\src\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\startup\exe_common.inl:288
    #4 0x7ff7a0126e6d in __scrt_common_main D:\agent\_work\9\s\src\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\startup\exe_common.inl:330
    #5 0x7ff7a0127158 in mainCRTStartup D:\agent\_work\9\s\src\vctools\crt\vcstartup\src\startup\exe_main.cpp:16
    #6 0x7fff50ca2773 in BaseThreadInitThunk+0x13 (C:\WINDOWS\System32\KERNEL32.DLL+0x180012773)
    #7 0x7fff52d60d50 in RtlUserThreadStart+0x20 (C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM32\ntdll.dll+0x180070d50)

Address 0x00b4566ffcf2 is located in stack of thread T0 at offset 34 in frame
    #0 0x7ff7a01212c6 in ILT+705(_get_startup_file_mode)+0x0 (G:\temp\ConsoleApplication1\x64\Debug\ConsoleApplication1.exe+0x1400012c6)

  This frame has 1 object(s):
    [32, 34) 'a' <== Memory access at offset 34 overflows this variable
HINT: this may be a false positive if your program uses some custom stack unwind mechanism, swapcontext or vfork
      (longjmp, SEH and C++ exceptions *are* supported)
SUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: stack-buffer-overflow G:\temp\ConsoleApplication1\ConsoleApplication1\ConsoleApplication1.cpp:12 in ff
Shadow bytes around the buggy address:
  0x0245b3bdff40: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
  0x0245b3bdff50: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
  0x0245b3bdff60: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
  0x0245b3bdff70: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
  0x0245b3bdff80: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
=>0x0245b3bdff90: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 f1 f1 f1 f1[02]f3
  0x0245b3bdffa0: f3 f3 f3 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
  0x0245b3bdffb0: f1 f1 f1 f1 00 00 f2 f2 f2 f2 00 00 f3 f3 f3 f3
  0x0245b3bdffc0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
  0x0245b3bdffd0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
  0x0245b3bdffe0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Shadow byte legend (one shadow byte represents 8 application bytes):
  Addressable:           00
  Partially addressable: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
  Heap left redzone:       fa
  Freed heap region:       fd
  Stack left redzone:      f1
  Stack mid redzone:       f2
  Stack right redzone:     f3
  Stack after return:      f5
  Stack use after scope:   f8
  Global redzone:          f9
  Global init order:       f6
  Poisoned by user:        f7
  Container overflow:      fc
  Array cookie:            ac
  Intra object redzone:    bb
  ASan internal:           fe
  Left alloca redzone:     ca
  Right alloca redzone:    cb
  Shadow gap:              cc
==14376==ABORTING

G:\temp\ConsoleApplication1\x64\Debug\ConsoleApplication1.exe (process 14376) exited with code 1.
Press any key to close this window . . .

Bug

I found that this function will always falsely report an error when the software exits when the software is 64bit,

there is no problem with 32bit

Launch test program in msvc debugger run, crash when initializing, callstack:

>	ntdll.dll!memset()	Unknown	Non-user code. Symbols loaded.
 	clang_rt.asan_dbg_dynamic-x86_64.dll!__asan::PoisonShadow(unsigned __int64,unsigned __int64,unsigned char)	Unknown	Non-user code. Symbols loaded.
 	clang_rt.asan_dbg_dynamic-x86_64.dll!__asan::AsanMapUnmapCallback::OnMap(unsigned __int64,unsigned __int64)	Unknown	Non-user code. Symbols loaded.
 	clang_rt.asan_dbg_dynamic-x86_64.dll!__asan::Allocator::InitLinkerInitialized(struct __asan::AllocatorOptions const &)	Unknown	Non-user code. Symbols loaded.
 	clang_rt.asan_dbg_dynamic-x86_64.dll!__asan::AsanInitInternal()	Unknown	Non-user code. Symbols loaded.
 	ucrtbased.dll!_initterm(void(*)() * first, void(*)() * last) Line 22	C++	Non-user code. Symbols loaded.
 	clang_rt.asan_dbg_dynamic-x86_64.dll!dllmain_crt_process_attach()	Unknown	Non-user code. Symbols loaded.
 	clang_rt.asan_dbg_dynamic-x86_64.dll!dllmain_crt_dispatch()	Unknown	Non-user code. Symbols loaded.
 	clang_rt.asan_dbg_dynamic-x86_64.dll!dllmain_dispatch()	Unknown	Non-user code. Symbols loaded.
 	clang_rt.asan_dbg_dynamic-x86_64.dll!_DllMainCRTStartup()	Unknown	Non-user code. Symbols loaded.
 	verifier.dll!AVrfpStandardDllEntryPointRoutine()	Unknown	Non-user code. Symbols loaded.
 	vrfcore.dll!VfCoreStandardDllEntryPointRoutine(void *,unsigned long,struct _CONTEXT *)	Unknown	Non-user code. Symbols loaded.
 	ntdll.dll!LdrpCallInitRoutine()	Unknown	Non-user code. Symbols loaded.
 	ntdll.dll!LdrpInitializeNode()	Unknown	Non-user code. Symbols loaded.
 	ntdll.dll!LdrpInitializeGraphRecurse()	Unknown	Non-user code. Symbols loaded.
 	ntdll.dll!LdrpInitializeGraphRecurse()	Unknown	Non-user code. Symbols loaded.
 	ntdll.dll!LdrpInitializeProcess()	Unknown	Non-user code. Symbols loaded.
 	ntdll.dll!_LdrpInitialize()	Unknown	Non-user code. Symbols loaded.
 	ntdll.dll!LdrpInitialize()	Unknown	Non-user code. Symbols loaded.
 	ntdll.dll!LdrInitializeThunk()	Unknown	Non-user code. Symbols loaded.

Published on Mar 07, 2021 in categories debugging windows